A Soyuz rocket being rolled out to the launch pad at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. |
|
| Function | Carrier rocket |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer | OKB-1 |
| Country of origin | Soviet Union |
| Size | |
| Height | 45.6 metres (150 ft) |
| Diameter | 10.3 metres (34 ft) |
| Mass | 308,000 kilograms (680,000 lb) |
| Stages | 2 |
| Capacity | |
| Payload to LEO |
6,450 kilograms (14,200 lb) |
| Associated rockets | |
| Family | R-7 |
| Derivatives | Soyuz-U Soyuz-U2 Soyuz-FG Soyuz-2 |
| Launch history | |
| Status | Retired |
| Launch sites | Baikonur Sites 1/5 & 31/6 |
| Total launches | 30 |
| Successes | 28 |
| Failures | 2 |
| Maiden flight | 28 November 1966 |
| Last flight | 24 May 1975 |
| Notable payloads | Soyuz |
| Boosters (Stage 0) - Block A/B/V/G | |
| No boosters | 4 |
| Engines | 1 RD-107 |
| Thrust | 994.3 kilonewtons (223,500 lbf) |
| Specific impulse | 315 sec |
| Burn time | 118 seconds |
| Fuel | RP-1/LOX |
| First Stage - 11S59 | |
| Engines | 1 RD-108 |
| Thrust | 977.7 kilonewtons (219,800 lbf) |
| Specific impulse | 315 sec |
| Burn time | 292 seconds |
| Fuel | RP-1/LOX |
| Second Stage - 11S510 | |
| Engines | 1 RD-0110 |
| Thrust | 294 kilonewtons (66,000 lbf) |
| Specific impulse | 330 sec |
| Burn time | 246 seconds |
| Fuel | RP-1/LOX |
The Soyuz (Russian: Союз, meaning "union", GRAU index 11A511) was a Soviet expendable carrier rocket designed by OKB-1 and manufactured by State Aviation Plant No. 1 in Samara, Russia. It was used to launch Soyuz spacecraft as part of the Soyuz programme, initially on unmanned test flights, followed by the first 19 manned launches of the programme.[1]
The Soyuz first flew in 1966, and was derived from the Voskhod rocket,[2] it was a member of the R-7 family of rockets. It was a two-stage rocket, with four liquid-fuelled strap-on boosters clustered around the first stage, with a Block I second stage.
Soyuz rockets are assembled horizontally in the MIK Building at the launch site. The rocket is then rolled out, and erected on the launch pad.
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